{"id":10714,"date":"2017-01-01T21:31:38","date_gmt":"2017-01-01T21:31:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/?post_type=articles&p=10714"},"modified":"2017-02-03T16:14:24","modified_gmt":"2017-02-03T16:14:24","slug":"the-language-of-insulation","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/the-language-of-insulation\/","title":{"rendered":"The Language of Insulation"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"IO1704_01\"<\/p>\n

The National Insulation Association (NIA) publishes a glossary of insulation science terminology, which is updated quarterly by NIA\u2019s Technical Information Committee. Below is a list of new and commonly used terms. Visit insulation.org\/about-insulation\/system-design\/techs-specs<\/a><\/span> to download the full glossary or see NIA\u2019s other technical resources.<\/p>\n

Thermal Properties of Insulation<\/strong>
\nUsually expressed as C-value, K-value, R-value, and U-value.<\/p>\n

Conductance, Thermal, C-value<\/strong>
\nThe time rate of steady state heat flow through a unit area of a material or construction induced by a unit temperature difference between the body surfaces.<\/p>\n

Conductivity, Thermal (K-value)<\/strong>
\nThe measure of heat that passes through a unit area of a homogeneous substance, through a unit thickness, in a unit of time, for each unit temperature difference.
\nThe lower the K-value, the higher the insulating value. Note: I-P units are Btu \u2013 in \/ hr \u2013 ft2 – \u00b0F and typical SI units are Watts \/ m – \u00b0C.
\nDefinition Two: The time rate of steady heat flow through a unit area of a homogeneous material induced by a unit temperature gradient in a direction perpendicular to that unit area.<\/p>\n

Resistance, Thermal, (R-value)<\/strong>
\nA measure of the ability to retard heat flow rather than the ability to transmit heat. R-value is the numerical reciprocal of \u201cU\u201d or \u201cC,\u201d thus R = 1\/U or 1\/C.
\nThermal resistance R-value is used in combination with numerals to designate thermal resistance values: R-11 equals 11 resistance units. The higher the \u201cR,\u201d the higher the insulating value. The I-P units are \u00b0F \u2013 ft2 \u2013 hr \/ Btu; the SI units are \u00b0C \u2013 m2 \/ W.<\/p>\n

Resistivity, Thermal, r<\/strong>
\nThe quantity determined by the temperature difference, at steady state, between 2 defined parallel surfaces of a homogeneous material of unit thickness, that induces a unit heat flow rate through a unit area. (r in SI units: m K\/W.) (r in inch-pound units: h ft F\/Btu or, h ft \u00b2 F\/Btu in.)<\/p>\n

Transmittance, Thermal (U-value)<\/strong>
\nThe combined thermal value of all the materials in an insulation system, air spaces, and surface air films. The heat transmission in unit time through the unit area of a material or construction and boundary air films, induced by unit temperature difference between the environments on each side. The I-P units are Btu \/ (hr \u2013 sq ft \u2013 deg F temperature difference) and the SI units are W \/ (sq m \u2013 deg C temperature difference). Note: This heat transmission rate has been called the overall coefficient of heat transfer.<\/p>\n

Thermal Capacity<\/strong>
\nThe quantity of heat required to change the temperature of the body one degree. For a homogeneous body, it is the product of mass and specific heat. For a non-homogeneous body, it is the sum of the products of mass and specific heat of the individual constituents. (May also be seen as heat capacity.)<\/p>\n

Thermal Insulation<\/strong>
\nDefinition 1: Insulation applicable within the general temperature range of \u2013300\u00b0F to 1800\u00b0F.
\nDefinition 2: A material or assembly of materials used to provide resistance to heat flow.<\/p>\n

Thermal Insulation System<\/strong>
\nApplied or installed thermal insulation complete with any accessories, vapor retarder, and facing required.<\/p>\n

Transference, Thermal<\/strong>
\nThe steady-state heat flow from (or to) a body through applied thermal insulation and to (or from) the external surroundings by conduction, convection, and radiation. It is expressed as the time rate of heat flow per unit area of the body surface per unit temperature difference between the body surface and the external surroundings.<\/p>\n

Transmission, Heat<\/strong>
\nThe quantity of heat flowing through unit area due to all modes of heat transfer induced by the prevailing conditions.<\/p>\n

Cladding<\/strong> (as Related to Insulation Jacketing)\u2014Synonymous with Jacketing
\nDiscussion\u2014The three terms \u201cjacketing,\u201d \u201clagging,\u201d and \u201ccladding\u201d are considered synonymous in most metal jacket related applications and geographies. However, in some cases in the power industry in North America the term \u201clagging\u201d has a different meaning than \u201cjacketing\u201d or \u201ccladding\u201d and refers specifically to a heavier gauge of jacketing.<\/p>\n

Jacket<\/strong> (as Related to Insulation Jacketing)
\nA protective covering installed over thermal insulation.<\/p>\n

Facing<\/strong>
\nA thin covering adhered to the surface of insulation prior to field installation.<\/p>\n

Finish<\/strong> (as Related to Insulation Metal Jacketing)
\nThe texture of the metal surface.<\/p>\n

Finishes<\/strong>
\nJackets, mastics, or strong films used for aesthetics or to protect insulation from at least one or more of the following: weather, mechanical, and\/or
\npersonnel abuse.<\/p>\n

Lag<\/strong>
\n(v.) To apply lagging. (n.) A single piece of covering material.<\/p>\n

Lagging<\/strong> (as Related to Insulation Jacketing) Synonymous with Jacketing
\nDiscussion\u2014The 3 terms \u201cjacketing,\u201d \u201clagging,\u201d and \u201ccladding\u201d are considered synonymous in most metal jacket related applications and geographies. However, in some cases in the power industry in North America the term \u201clagging\u201d has a different meaning than \u201cjacketing\u201d or \u201ccladding\u201d and refers specifically to a heavier gauge of jacketing.<\/p>\n

Lagging Adhesive<\/strong>
\nWater-based resin emulsion products that are used to adhere lagging cloth to the insulation and to itself at the lap joints. They also seal and size the fabric and shrink it tightly to the surface. They can be brushed or sprayed.<\/p>\n

Lagging\u2014Insulation<\/strong>
\nDefinition 1: A block material for insulating tanks and boilers, usually curved or tapered, and can be made from any of several insulation materials.
\nDefinition 2: Insulation used on pipe, tanks, ducts, vessels, or other mechanical equipment. Discussion\u2014Lagging insulation is usually applied in the form of cut, pieced together, or mitered parts.<\/p>\n

Lagging\u2014Jacketing<\/strong>
\nJacketing installed over insulation.\u00a0 Also see \u201cJacket.\u201d<\/p>\n

Laminate<\/strong>
\nA product made by bonding together 2 or more layers of material or materials.<\/p>\n

Laminate Jacket<\/strong>
\nA thin, flexible sheet material intended for use as a jacket over thermal insulation on pipe, duct, or equipment, and consisting of multiple layers of polymer film and aluminum foil bonded together.
\nDiscussion\u2014A laminate jacket is available with or without a factory applied pressure sensitive adhesive.
\nDiscussion\u2014Laminate jacket is commercially available in different widths, it typically is provided in approximate widths of pipe insulation sections.<\/p>\n

Laminate Tape<\/strong>
\nA thin, flexible sheet material intended for use as a tape to seal and secure a laminate jacket over thermal insulation on pipe, duct, or equipment.
\nDiscussion\u2014Laminate tape always has a factory applied, pressure sensitive adhesive which first requires removal of a release liner.
\nDiscussion\u2014Laminate tape is commercially available in several different widths.
\nDiscussion\u2014A laminate tape can also include a polymer coating as a top surface.<\/p>\n

Lap Adhesive<\/strong>
\nThe adhesive used to seal the butt joints and laps of insulation jackets.<\/p>\n

ASJ: All Service Jacket; (Traditional Paper Type)<\/strong>
\nA white, flexible reinforced lamination with Paper as exposed layer which is used as a vapor retarder and finish for pipe, tank, and equipment insulation.<\/p>\n

ASJ: All Service Jacket; (Polymeric Film Type)<\/strong>
\nA white, flexible reinforced lamination with Polymeric film as exposed layer which is used as a vapor retarder and finish for pipe, tank, and equipment insulation.<\/p>\n

Flexible Cellular Material<\/strong>
\nN\u2014A cellular material that will not rupture within a specified time when bent around a mandrel at a specified uniform temperature and rate.
\nDiscussion\u2014Test Methods D3574 \u201cStandard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials\u2014Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams\u201d provides a standard procedure for assessing whether an insulation material is a flexible cellular material.<\/p>\n

Slag Wool<\/strong>
\nA mineral wool made usually from molten blast-furnace slag by the action of jets of steam under high pressure.<\/p>\n

Emissivity<\/strong>
\nEmissivity is for pure materials that are perfectly smooth. The ratio of the radiant flux given off (emitted) by a surface to that given off (emitted) by a blackbody at the same temperature and under the same conditions.<\/p>\n

Emittance<\/strong>
\nEmittance is for rough and contaminated surfaces (practical surfaces). The ratio of the radiant flux given off (emitted) by a surface to that given off (emitted) by a blackbody at the same temperature and under the same conditions.<\/p>\n

Emittance, Directional<\/strong>
\nThe ratio of the radiance from a surface in a particular direction to the radiance from a blackbody at the same temperature under the same conditions.<\/p>\n

Emittance, Hemispherical<\/strong>
\nThe average directional emittance over a hemispherical envelope covering a surface.<\/p>\n

Emittance, Spectral<\/strong>
\nAn emittance based on the radiant energy emitted per unit wavelength interval (monochromatic radiant energy).<\/p>\n

Emittance, Total<\/strong>
\nAn emittance that is an integrated average over all wavelengths of radiant energy emitted.<\/p>\n

Absorptance<\/strong>
\nThe ratio of the radiant flux absorbed by a body to that incident upon it.<\/p>\n

Absorption<\/strong>
\nTransformation of radiant energy to a different form of energy by interaction with matter.<\/p>\n

Adsorption<\/strong>
\nAdsorption is the physical adherence or bonding of ions and molecules onto the surface of another molecule.<\/p>\n

Sorption<\/strong>
\nSorption refers to the process in which one substance takes up or holds another (by either absorption or adsorption).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

If you have questions or suggestions, please contact us at publisher@insulation.org.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Copyright Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n

This article was published in the January 2017 issue of Insulation Outlook magazine. Copyright\u00a0\u00a9 2017 National Insulation Association. All rights reserved. The contents of this website and Insulation Outlook magazine may not be reproduced in any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of the publisher and NIA. Any unauthorized\u00a0 duplication is strictly prohibited and would violate NIA\u2019s copyright and may violate other copyright agreements that NIA has with authors and partners. Contact publisher@insulation.org<\/a> to reprint or reproduce this content.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The National Insulation Association (NIA) publishes a glossary of insulation science terminology, which is updated quarterly by NIA\u2019s Technical Information Committee. Below is a list of new and commonly used terms. Visit insulation.org\/about-insulation\/system-design\/techs-specs to download the full glossary or see NIA\u2019s other technical resources. Thermal Properties of Insulation Usually expressed as C-value, K-value, R-value, and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":[319],"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[341,294],"class_list":["post-10714","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","category-january-2017","category-training","author-julie-mclaughlin"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Language of Insulation - Insulation Outlook Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/the-language-of-insulation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Language of Insulation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The National Insulation Association (NIA) publishes a glossary of insulation science terminology, which is updated quarterly by NIA\u2019s Technical Information Committee. 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