{"id":6860,"date":"2014-03-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-03-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/insulation-finishes-this-months-topic-mastics-and-coatings\/"},"modified":"2014-03-01T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2014-03-01T00:00:00","slug":"insulation-finishes-this-months-topic-mastics-and-coatings","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/insulation-finishes-this-months-topic-mastics-and-coatings\/","title":{"rendered":"Insulation Finishes\u2014This Month&#8217;s Topic: Mastics and Coatings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style='text-transform:uppercase'><font color=\"#FF8040\"><strong>Product Characteristics of Weather Barriers,<br \/>\nVapor Retarders, and Finishes<\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%'>Mastics are<br \/>\navailable in numerous formulations and are designed to protect insulation from<br \/>\nphysical, chemical, water, and weather damage. They can be broken up into<br \/>\nspecial-use classes, as described below; and the selection of the proper mastic<br \/>\nwill depend on the insulation type, equipment, piping or duct operating<br \/>\ntemperature, fire hazard classification required, expected service life, and<br \/>\nother conditions. Mastics can be applied to protect the entire insulation<br \/>\nsystem surface, facing materials over insulation, or over irregular insulation<br \/>\nsurfaces such as sprayed polyurethane foam systems; bends and elbows; protrusions<br \/>\nsuch as flanges, valves, supports; or insulation terminations where sheet<br \/>\nmaterials cannot be effectively applied. They are most often applied by brush,<br \/>\ntrowel, or spray in 2 coats at the manufacturers? recommended application rate,<br \/>\nwith a reinforcing mesh embedded between the first 2 coats. Typical reinforcing<br \/>\nmeshes are made of synthetic fibers, fiberglass scrim, or cloth and canvas<br \/>\ncloth. The mastic manufacturers? application guide should be consulted for<br \/>\nselection of the proper reinforcement to use with the mastic chosen<span\n':-.1pt'>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%'> Properties and<br \/>\ntests commonly considered in the selection of a mastic are given in ASTM C647,<br \/>\nStandard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes for<br \/>\nThermal Insulation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%'> Mastics are<br \/>\nbroken up into the following types and sub-types:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p  ':13.0pt;:-13.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><b><LI>Vapor Retarder (Vapor Barrier) Mastics and<br \/>\nCoatings <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'><LI>Solvent-based<br \/>\nthermoplastic rubber\/resin types.<\/span><span ':120%'> <\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Common<br \/>\nuses:<\/span><span ':120%'> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Cryogenic applications (below<br \/>\n-40\u00b0F)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Severe chemical environments<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':39.0pt;:-12.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Other<br \/>\nbenefits: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Fire resistive&mdash;meet Class A flame<br \/>\nand smoke<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Highest performance of vapor<br \/>\nretarders<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Lowest permeance<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><br \/>\n<\/UL><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'><LI>Water-based<br \/>\nsynthetic polymers types<\/span><span ':120%'> <\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Common<br \/>\nuses:<\/span><span ':120%'> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Low-temperature piping and<br \/>\nequipment (-40\u00b0F to ambient)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Sealing seams, punctures, and<br \/>\nterminations of vapor retarder facings<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Chilled water, air-conditioning<br \/>\nduct, brines<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':39.0pt;:-12.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Other<br \/>\nbenefits: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Fire resistive&mdash;meet Class A flame<br \/>\nand smoke<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Low hazards during application and<br \/>\nshipment&mdash;low toxicity and no fire hazard<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Permeance:<br \/>\ndependent on type&mdash;below 0.5 perms<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'><LI>Solvent-based<br \/>\nasphaltic types <\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Common<br \/>\nuses: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Buried pipes<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Exterior low-service temperature<br \/>\npiping<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':39.0pt;:-12.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'>Other<br \/>\nproperties: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Chemical resistant<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Poor fire resistivity<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><br \/>\n<\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':13.0pt;:-13.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><b><LI>Weather Barrier (Breather) Mastics and Coatings <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'><LI>Water-based<br \/>\nsynthetic polymer type <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Most common type on the market<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Provide weather protection <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Keep liquid water out<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Allow water vapor to pass through<br \/>\nover hot equipment<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>UV resistant<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Protect vapor retarder facings<br \/>\n(FSK, ASJ) <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Exterior ductwork and piping<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Weather protection<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Physical protection against<br \/>\npuncture<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':27.0pt;:-14.0pt;:\n120%;:none;:middle'><span ':120%'><LI>Water-based<br \/>\nasphalt emulsions <\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Older technology<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':45.0pt;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Low material cost, but high labor cost<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><br \/>\n<\/UL><br \/>\n<\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><b><span ':120%'><font color=\"#67D1FA\">Mastic Characteristics<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'>When<br \/>\nselecting a mastic, the following general characteristics and uses should be<br \/>\nconsidered.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> <\/span><span\n':120%'>Vapor retarder mastics are designed to prevent the<br \/>\ningress of water vapor into cold insulation systems in addition to protecting<br \/>\nagainst mechanical abuse, liquid water intrusion, and weather. Permeance of<br \/>\nvapor retarder mastics will vary greatly, ranging from 0.5 perms to &lt;0.01<br \/>\nperms, depending on the mastic type and performance requirements. Most<br \/>\nmanufacturers will provide information on the mastic?s permeance on their<br \/>\nproduct data sheets. It is important to consider the test temperature, test<br \/>\nrelative humidity, and film thickness when comparing the permeance of a mastic.<br \/>\nChanges in any of these properties will affect the permeance of any mastic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> Cold<br \/>\ninsulation systems with respect to mastics can be further defined by:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst ':justify;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Cryogenic<br \/>\nservice (operating below -40\u00b0F)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle ':justify;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Low-temperature<br \/>\nservice (-40\u00b0F to 32\u00b0F)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast ':justify;:-.25in;\n:120%;:none;:middle'><LI>Cool\/cold<br \/>\nservice (33\u00b0F to ambient)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> <\/span><span\n':120%;:-.25pt'>Cryogenic insulation systems<br \/>\nrequire specialized engineering beyond the scope of this column. Mastics and<br \/>\ncoatings for these uses have very low permeability (&lt;0.02 perms) and include<br \/>\nspecialized vapor stop coatings with extremely low service temperature limits<br \/>\n(down to -320\u00b0F), and solvent-based thermoplastic rubber (Hypalon) mastics.<br \/>\nContact the mastic manufacturer for assistance in selecting these materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> Low-temperature<br \/>\nservice mastics should have permeance of &lt;0.02 perms. These products include<br \/>\nsolvent-based thermoplastic rubber and water-based synthetic rubber mastics.<br \/>\nThe solvent-based mastics will typically have the lowest permeance, highest<br \/>\nchemical resistance, and longest service life; however, they may be restricted<br \/>\nfor use in some regions, are combustible during application, and require<br \/>\nsolvents for cleanup. Some water-based mastics have permeance values below 0.02<br \/>\nperms, can be used in all regions, and have the added advantages of being<br \/>\nnon-flammable during application and easily cleaned with\u00a0 water.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> <\/span><span\n':120%;:-.15pt'>Cool or cold-service insulation<br \/>\nincludes insulation of chilled water piping, air conditioning, ductwork, and<br \/>\nother systems operating between 33\u00b0F and ambient. The proper mastic and<br \/>\npermeance requirements for these systems will depend on whether the system is<br \/>\ninterior or exterior, the facing on the insulation, the likelihood of physical<br \/>\nor mechanical abuse, the climate (high versus low-humidity environment), and insulation<br \/>\ntype. There are still some solvent-based mastics used for these applications;<br \/>\nhowever, in most cases, water-based mastics will meet the required performance<br \/>\nand are preferable. The vapor retarder system, including any sheet facing<br \/>\nmaterials and mastics, should have permeance &lt;0.05 perms, per ASTM C755.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> <\/span><span\n':120%;:-.2pt'>In many cases insulation for duct<br \/>\nsystems or piping in warm humid climates will be faced with a FSK, ASJ, or<br \/>\nother vapor-retarder jacket. In this case, water-based mastics with permeance<br \/>\n&lt;0.5 perms are typically acceptable for vapor-sealing punctures (from<br \/>\nhangars or pins) and seams in the facing on interior applications. These<br \/>\nmastics can also be applied over the entire facing surface to provide<br \/>\nadditional physical protection, if required, or physical and weather protection<br \/>\nof the facing on outdoor insulation. If the insulation is not faced with a<br \/>\nvapor retarder jacket, at insulation terminations, or over bare insulation, the<br \/>\nmastic should have a permeance less than 0.05 perms. Reinforcing mesh embedded<br \/>\nin the mastic is typically required per manufacturer?s guidelines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> <\/span><b><span\n':120%;:-.2pt'>Weather barrier mastics and<br \/>\ncoatings <\/span><\/b><span ':120%;:-.2pt'>are<br \/>\nalso commonly referred to as &#8220;breather&#8221; coatings. They are specifically<br \/>\ndesigned to provide protection of the insulation from physical abuse and\/or<br \/>\nweathering. They are normally water-based synthetic polymer coatings. These<br \/>\nmastics have higher permeance, &gt; 1.0 perm, than vapor retarders and will<br \/>\nallow water vapor to pass through them while repelling liquid water. This is<br \/>\nparticularly important when used over hot equipment or piping where trapped<br \/>\nmoisture must be allowed to pass through the mastic to avoid blistering of the<br \/>\ncoating. Weather barrier coatings also find use on dual-temperature systems;<br \/>\nsuch as rooftop HVAC ductwork used for cooling and heating, or dual-temperature<br \/>\nwater piping, where the insulation contains a vapor retarder facing that<br \/>\nrequires weather protection. On exterior applications, the insulation should<br \/>\nalways be sloped to avoiding ponding water.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%;:-.1pt'> On<br \/>\ninterior applications on hot pipes, specialized lagging adhesives and coatings<br \/>\nmay be used with fiberglass cloth or canvas cloth to create an insulation<br \/>\ncover. The lagging adhesive is used to both bond the cloth to the insulation as<br \/>\nwell as to provide a protective finish.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><b><span ':120%;:\n-.1pt'><font color=\"#67D1FA\">Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair of Mastic Systems<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%'>Mastics are a key<br \/>\ncomponent in the protection of many insulation systems and need to be<br \/>\ninspected, maintained, and quickly repaired to function properly. Regular<br \/>\ninspection of the mastic should be conducted as part of an overall insulation<br \/>\nsystem maintenance program. Inspection should include visual observation for<br \/>\nany cuts, tears, punctures, chemical breakdown, embrittlement from chemical<br \/>\nattack, or other damage to the mastic or reinforcement. Any buildup of dirt or<br \/>\nother chemical contaminants should be removed to ensure that underlying damage<br \/>\nhas not occurred and to prevent deterioration of the mastic. Surface wear<br \/>\nshould be repaired by thoroughly cleaning the surface before applying a new<br \/>\nfinish coat of mastic. The use of reinforcing mesh may be required if there was<br \/>\ndamage or exposure of the previous reinforcement. If damage includes a breach<br \/>\nof the mastic such as a puncture, tear, or through cut, the insulation system<br \/>\nshould be closely examined to ensure that water or contaminants have not<br \/>\nentered the insulation system. If the insulation is wet or damaged, it must be<br \/>\nremoved and replaced prior to re-applying any mastic. Any newly applied mastic<br \/>\nshould be reinforced per the manufacturer?s recommendations and extend at least<br \/>\n3 inches over the previously sealed and cleaned surface.<\/span><\/p>\n<p  ':justify;:120%;:\nnone;:middle'><span ':120%'> Coatings<br \/>\ngenerally need to be re-coated every 2?3 years. If applied to flexible<br \/>\ninsulation products or insulation materials that will expand and contract<br \/>\nduring service, they may &#8220;egg shell or crack,&#8221; but will not flake or peel off.<br \/>\nThis egg-shelling effect may detract from the appearance of the application,<br \/>\nbut it will not generally affect the UV performance of the product. It can be<br \/>\nre-coated for extended service life.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Product Characteristics of Weather Barriers, Vapor Retarders, and Finishes Mastics are available in numerous formulations and are designed to protect insulation from physical, chemical, water, and weather damage. They can be broken up into special-use classes, as described below; and the selection of the proper mastic will depend on the insulation type, equipment, piping or<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":[],"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[24,301,288,29],"class_list":["post-6860","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","category-contracting","category-design","category-fabrication","category-environmental-control"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.0 (Yoast SEO v24.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Insulation Finishes\u2014This Month&#039;s Topic: Mastics and Coatings - Insulation Outlook Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/insulation-finishes-this-months-topic-mastics-and-coatings\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Insulation Finishes\u2014This Month&#039;s Topic: Mastics and Coatings\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Product Characteristics of Weather Barriers, Vapor Retarders, and Finishes Mastics are available in numerous formulations and are designed to protect insulation from physical, chemical, water, and weather damage. 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