{"id":6935,"date":"2012-10-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-10-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/considerations-for-insulation-specifications\/"},"modified":"2012-10-01T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2012-10-01T00:00:00","slug":"considerations-for-insulation-specifications","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/considerations-for-insulation-specifications\/","title":{"rendered":"Considerations for Insulation Specifications"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=SideBarText2 style=':0in'><a name=\"_GoBack\"><\/a><span\nstyle='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";\ncolor:windowtext'>For a facility owner or manager, it is critical to know both<br \/>\nwho is specifying your project and the contents of that specification. This is<br \/>\nextremely important in the case of mechanical insulation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>The facility owner has a<br \/>\nnumber of different resources available to him when he writes his<br \/>\nspecification, or has it written by a engineer. These resources include a large<br \/>\nnumber of ASTM standards, the 2009 ASHRAE Handbook?Fundamentals; ASHRAE Standard<br \/>\n90.1-2010, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings;<br \/>\nthe online Mechanical Insulation Design Guide; the National Commercial and<br \/>\nIndustrial Insulation Standards, 7th Edition; the 3E Plus<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> computer<br \/>\nprogram; and others. Regardless of who writes the specification, they should<br \/>\nmake use of these references and resources.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>As everyone learns in <\/span><span\nstyle='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";\ncolor:windowtext'>&#8220;<\/span><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Mechanical Insulation 101<\/span><span\nstyle='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";\ncolor:windowtext'>&#8221; <\/span><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>(e.g., NIA&#8217;s National<br \/>\nInsulation Training Program or the web-based Mechanical Insulation Education<br \/>\n&amp; Awareness E-Learning Series), the facility owner first needs to know the<br \/>\nmotivation for insulating. Is it for energy efficiency, process control, freeze<br \/>\nprotection, personnel protection, condensation control, fire protection, noise<br \/>\ncontrol, or some combination of these? Do all the surfaces specified with<br \/>\ninsulation actually need to be insulated? If the answers to these questions are<br \/>\nnot clear, then the facility owner needs to get answers to be able to proceed<br \/>\nto the next step and make certain that the specifier is designing the<br \/>\ninsulation system with the same objectives in mind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>The specifier will need to<br \/>\nselect particular materials. If the facility owner or manager has certain<br \/>\npreferences, these should be communicated to the specifier up front. If the<br \/>\nowner doesn&#8217;t have preferences, the next step is to confirm that the specifier<br \/>\nhas answered certain questions before selecting materials. Here are few<br \/>\nquestions that could be asked:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>What<br \/>\nare the maximum and minimum service temperatures for the surfaces being<br \/>\ninsulated?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Will<br \/>\nthose surfaces have cycling or steady temperatures?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Will<br \/>\nthe insulation system be located indoors or outdoors?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>If<br \/>\nlocated outdoors, will the pipe being insulated be above or below ground?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>For<br \/>\nbelow ambient systems located indoors, will the space be conditioned or<br \/>\nunconditioned; and if the latter, is the local climate humid at least part of<br \/>\nthe year?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Will<br \/>\nthe insulation be subjected to foot traffic, regular vibration, or other<br \/>\nphysical abuse? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Will<br \/>\nthe insulation need to be removed periodically for mechanical maintenance or<br \/>\ninspections and the insulation then reinstalled?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>How<br \/>\nlong does the facility owner expect the insulation system to last?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>For<br \/>\noutdoor facilities, have steps been taken to guard against water leakage into<br \/>\nthe insulation system and subsequent possible corrosion under insulation (CUI)?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Once insulation materials<br \/>\nhave been selected to the owner&#8217;s satisfaction, the owner should understand how<br \/>\ninsulation thickness has been determined. If it is a commercial building and<br \/>\nenergy efficiency is one of the reasons for insulating, then the owner should<br \/>\nmake certain that the mechanical insulation meets the requirements such as<br \/>\nthose in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010. (The 2013 version is in development.) If<br \/>\nthe pipes to be insulated are part of an industrial facility, there are several<br \/>\nquestions the owner should ask and the specifier should be able to answer.<br \/>\nSince the owner will be paying for facility energy use in future years, perhaps<br \/>\nmost important pertains to energy efficiency and cost effectiveness: Are the<br \/>\ninsulation thicknesses the optimum economic thicknesses for energy efficiency?<br \/>\nA second question would be: Are the insulation thicknesses sufficient to<br \/>\nmaintain process temperatures as required by the industrial processes? If the surfaces<br \/>\nbeing insulated operate at high temperatures, are the insulation thicknesses<br \/>\nsufficient to protect personnel from being burned if they come in contact with<br \/>\nthose surfaces? If the piping, equipment, and ducts operate at below ambient<br \/>\ntemperatures in unconditioned spaces, the owner should make certain that the<br \/>\ninsulation thicknesses are sufficient to prevent surface condensation up to 90%<br \/>\nrelative humidity, as recommended by ASHRAE.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>Finally, the facility<br \/>\nowner should know whether certain special design conditions have been<br \/>\naddressed. Here are a few examples of special conditions that could apply:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><UL><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'><span\nstyle=':-.05pt'>In the design plans, has sufficient clearance<br \/>\nbeen left for insulation installation and maintenance?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>If the insulation system is going to be exposed to<br \/>\ncertain corrosive chemicals that might damage the materials, have chemically<br \/>\nresistant materials been specified? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>If the insulated systems are located outdoors in a<br \/>\nwet climate, have special design features been incorporated to guard against<br \/>\nwater intrusion and subsequent likelihood of CUI? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>If frequent inspections and\/or maintenance will be<br \/>\nrequired on certain insulated components, have removable\/reusable insulation<br \/>\nmaterials been specified?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>If horizontal insulated pipes are located close to<br \/>\nthe ground or other places where maintenance workers may walk on those pipes,<br \/>\nhave high compressive strength insulation materials been specified for those<br \/>\npipes?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>Have insulated, below ambient pipe and<br \/>\nequipment located in humid, unconditioned spaces been insulated with materials<br \/>\nthat will not support mold growth; and has special attention been paid to<br \/>\nmaintaining a sealed, low water vapor permeance for the insulation system?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText align=left style=':.3in;:left;\n:-13.5pt'><LI><span style='-size:10.0pt;\nline-height:120%;-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;\n:-.05pt'>If there is heat tracing, have the design plans and<br \/>\ninsulation sizes been correctly selected to allow for installation over the<br \/>\nheat tracing? <\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/UL><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText2><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;\n-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext;:.1pt'>The<br \/>\nlist of special conditions could go on. Over time, if they have not been<br \/>\nadequately addressed in the insulation specification, the owner will probably<br \/>\nsuffer the consequences. Those consequences could be greater than necessary<br \/>\nenergy use, large-scale CUI, physically or chemically damaged insulation, wet<br \/>\ninsulation, mold growth on insulation, high cost of removing insulation and<br \/>\nsubsequent reinsulation with new materials, high insulation maintenance costs,<br \/>\netc. It pays for facility owners to know the contents of their insulation<br \/>\nspecification and to make certain it addresses their needs, both from the<br \/>\nbeginning, when the facility is new, and through subsequent years of operation.<br \/>\nAs a final caution, the facility owner must always guard against &#8220;value<br \/>\nengineering&#8221; the insulation systems, since that process all too often results<br \/>\nin short-term dollar savings but long-term increased expenses on energy,<br \/>\ninsulation maintenance, CUI mitigation, and other operational costs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=SideBarText><span style='-size:10.0pt;line-height:120%;-family:\n\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";color:windowtext'>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For a facility owner or manager, it is critical to know both who is specifying your project and the contents of that specification. This is extremely important in the case of mechanical insulation. The facility owner has a number of different resources available to him when he writes his specification, or has it written by<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":[80],"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[37,38,298,24,301,21,297],"class_list":["post-6935","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","category-market-research","category-material-selection","category-installation","category-contracting","category-design","category-business-managment","category-basic-understanding","author-gordon-h-hart"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.0 (Yoast SEO v24.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Considerations for Insulation Specifications - Insulation Outlook Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/insulation.org\/io\/articles\/considerations-for-insulation-specifications\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Considerations for Insulation Specifications\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For a facility owner or manager, it is critical to know both who is specifying your project and the contents of that specification. 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