ICE in the Forecast: Important Tips for I-9 Compliance and ICE Visits

February 1, 2026

Insulation contractors are potential targets for an I-9 audit and/or unexpected visit from
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Whether you operate a small shop or manage multiple crews across different jobsites, your best defense is simple: Follow the law regarding I-9 compliance and prepare before ICE ever arrives.

I-9 Compliance Matters More than Ever

ICE is conducting aggressive I-9 audits, leveling steep fines, and carrying out Enforcement Actions against industries with large, decentralized workforces like those in the construction trades.

Under federal law, it is a crime to knowingly hire or continue to employ workers who are not authorized to work in the United States. Violations can result in civil fines reaching tens of thousands of dollars per worker. Criminal charges are also possible in cases of repeated or intentional violations. Here are some basic guidelines to avoid violations.

Complete every I-9 correctly and on time. Your first line of defense is to strictly follow the requirements for I-9s. Your goal is 100% compliance for every I-9. That begins on your employee’s first day. Every new hire must complete Section 1 of the I-9 on or before their first day of work, and employers must complete Section 2 within 3 days after the employee’s first day of work for pay.

Frequently, employers miss those deadlines, do not complete all I-9 fields, use outdated
versions of the I-9 form, or use the wrong verification documents. Any of those errors
can result in significant legal liability.

Follow best practices to avoid this liability. For example:

  • Never accept photocopies of verification documents. Employers must rely only on original documents to verify employment authorization. Do not accept photocopies, scans, or photos on a phone.
  • Avoid over documenting. Do not use more documents than required. As the I-9 instructions state, use only one document from List A or one each from Lists B and C. If you have a document from column A, you need not supplement it with documents from columns B or C.
  • Store I-9s separately. As a general rule, store I-9s in a file that is separate from the employees’ personnel files. If ICE wants to audit your I-9s, you will want to retrieve them quickly, without having to comb through all personnel files looking for them.
  • Conduct your own internal audits. Regular internal audits—ideally, under attorney client privilege—will help identify and correct errors before ICE finds them. This is especially important for employers with high turnover and/or multiple hiring locations. If you do find an error, draw a line through it and write in the correct information. Do not obliterate or obscure the original error. Just mark it out with a simple straight line so that it can still be read.
  • Consider using E-Verify. Some states require employers to use E-Verify. If you are in a state where its use is voluntary, using E-Verify shows your good faith intent to comply with the law and reduces the risk of hiring unauthorized workers. While it is not full proof, it is helpful.
  • Train your personnel. The I-9 looks simple, but that is deceptive. Employers should provide regular I-9 training for any employee who handles hiring paperwork. This training should cover all aspects of I-9 compliance, including acceptable documentation, identifying expired or invalid documents, correcting errors properly, and when to reverify work authorization.

Responding to an ICE Audit

An audit begins when ICE serves a Notice of Inspection. Employers typically have 3 business days to produce requested records, such as I-9s for current employees, I-9s for former employees within the retention period, payroll records, and employee rosters.

This is not the time to panic or hand over documents immediately. You have the right to consult legal counsel and organize your response. Whether ICE shows up at your office or a jobsite, stay calm and behave professionally—no running or screaming.

Every insulation employer should assign a member of management to interact with ICE and
contact your legal counsel. That individual should ask the lead agent for identification and note the agent’s name, agency, and contact information. Do this respectfully and without confrontation.

It is critical to determine why ICE is there. ICE may be serving a Notice of Inspection (an audit) or conducting an Enforcement Action (a “raid”). The responses differ significantly.

  • If it’s a Notice of Inspection, do not hand over documents on the spot. Employers should have 3 business days to respond. Call your attorney immediately and carefully collect the requested documents for ICE.
  • If ICE is there for an Enforcement Action, review the warrant or subpoena. A judicial warrant (signed by a judge) is required for ICE to enter private areas of your facility or jobsite. An administrative warrant is not signed by a judge and cannot authorize entry into non-public areas. But, it may likely list an individual to be detained. Do not harbor or hide such individuals. Respectfully point out if agents exceed the scope of the warrant, but do not physically interfere.

Final Thoughts

Compliance with the law is not optional. The best defense against ICE is a proactive, well-trained team and perfect I-9 compliance.

Author’s Note: This article is not legal advice. Please speak to an attorney for guidance.

Douglas S. Jenks

Doug Jenks is a Director with Auman, Mahan & Furry. He represents employers in industrial accidents, focusing on workers' compensation and OSHA defense. He also handles general business litigation and insurance defense claims. Mr. Jenks is a member of the Ohio and Dayton Bar Associations, and is Chair of the Dayton Bar Association’s Workers’ Compensation Committee. He speaks to industry groups regarding workers’ compensation and OSHA matters, and presents at various continuing legal education seminars. Mr. Jenks also writes and publishes articles on these topics. He has been recognized as an Ohio Super Lawyer Rising Star. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Wittenberg University, a Master of Arts degree from Duquesne University, and a law degree from the University of Dayton. He is a member of Leadership Dayton and is the President of the Board of Trustees at the Miami Valley School. Mr. Jenks can be reached at dsj@amfdayton.com.